How many times have you promised yourself to read more but just never found enough time? If only you could do it quickly and more efficiently.
Effective and efficient readers learn to use many styles of reading for different purposes, which include skimming, scanning, and critical reading.
Before reading, you need to identify the purpose why you’ll be doing such activity: Are you looking for background information on a topic you know a little bit about already? Are you looking for specific details and facts that you can marshal in support of an argument? Are you trying to see how an author approaches his topic rhetorically?
It is crucial to know your purpose in reading as it helps focus your attention on important aspects of the text. Before turning those pages, take a moment first to reflect and clarify what your goal really is.
There are many ways to familiarize your self with the background of the text, and gain a useful overview of its content and structure before actually absorbing and digesting the text. Seek information about the context of the reading, its purpose, and its general content. Look for an abstract or an author’s or editor’s note that may precede the article itself. Read any background information that is available to you about the author, the occasion of the writing, its intended audience, and more useful information.
After viewing the title and noting general ideas that are accessible to you as a reader, you can continue to browse pages and scan paragraphs in order to get the gist of what material the text covers and how that material is arranged.
As soon as you finished looking over the text as a whole, read the introductory paragraph or section, noticing that some authors will provide an overview of their message as well as an explicit statement of their thesis or main point in the opening portion of the text. Considering the background information, the messages conveyed by the title, note or abstract, and
the information from the opening paragraph or section, you should be able to proceed with a good hunch of the reading material’s direction.
In order to become aware of your reading situation, ask yourself questions like:
What do I want (or need) to know and learn?
In which context do I want (or need) this?
Which texts could suit these needs?
What made me choose this text?
How deeply an understanding of the text do I need?
How much time have I got?
How do I want to proceed?
Consider Your Purpose
To help you determine a purpose, consider the following ideas:
Are you looking for brief information, main ideas, complete comprehension, or detailed analysis?
How will this text help you?
Is this the best material to meet your goals?
What does background or summary information provided by the author or editor predict the text will do?
Does there seem to be a clear introduction and conclusion that can be useful? Where?
What claims does the author make at the beginnings and endings of sections?
Are there key words that are repeated or put in bold or italics to help you skim and scan?
What kinds of development and detail do you notice? Does the text include statistics, tables, and pictures or is it primarily prose? Are names of authors or characters repeated frequently?
Look for Specific Words
Scan a section for key words.
Skim to the words that provide meaning and may be useful for you and your purpose.
Become an Impatient Reader
Speed readers are considered impatient readers. They read with a purpose and want to find answers immediately. They can’t wait to find out what the whole text is all about that they usually make predictions and guess the answers.
Some readers say, "If I think ahead while I am reading, my predictions may be wrong."
The truth is, predicting is useful because all your concentration is focused on the reading and you are actually making senses of it. Speed readers predict what the text is likely to tell them next, but they are not upset if a prediction is wrong; they quickly adjust their expectations.
Different Speeds for Different Materials
You do not need to read every word to understand a text; however some texts will require careful reading, so you need to know when to adjust your reading speed. Skim a text, and then decide if a slower reading approach is necessary.
Practice Activity
In order to avoid reading every word, you must increase the rate your eyes move across the page. As a practice activity, choose an easy material for to read. Sweep your eyes faster across the page than you’ve ever done before. Do not mouth the words; do not even mentally say them. Start with short practice periods, e.g. 3 minutes, record your rate (how many words have you read in 3 minutes?), and then continue with longer periods or with texts that are more complicated.
The First Steps in Speed Reading
In reading, your starting position and reading gesture is relevant: sit up straight, with the book being held by your left hand, and with your right hand doing the pacing.
Being already a good reader is a plus factor in attempting to speed read. Otherwise, it may be quite difficult and may take some time. Speed reading program will not work if you have problems comprehending and your vocabulary is too little. In fact, rushing through things you can't understand is actually useless. Yes, you may be able to read fast, but you just won’t understand what you will be reading.
Speed Reading Tips
Read until the end! Do not get tired, discouraged, or bored; don’t just stop reading when you want to. Don’t you know that ideas do become clearer the further you go with the reading materials? After you finish reading, recall the things that you have learned, return to the ideas that seem unclear, and reread them in order to grasp their ideas. When you begin to read, you should:
Be able to find the answers to the questions you’ve come up with
Answer guide questions at each chapter (you may see these questions at the beginning or at the end of the chapter)
Take note of the important words and phrases – underlined, italicized, and bold printed
Read only one section at a time, and recite the summary of each section afterwards
Do not ignore captions under pictures, tables, graphs, etc.
Carefully read and absorb difficult passages. On parts which are not clear, don’t be afraid to stop and reread
Knowing How Deeply to Study the Material
Where you only need the shallowest knowledge of the subject, you can skim the material. This is done by reading only chapter headings, introductions and summaries.
If you need a moderate level of information on a subject, then you can scan the text. Here you read the chapter introductions and summaries in detail, but may speed-read the contents of the chapters – picking out and understanding key words and important concepts. At this level of looking at the document, it is worth paying attention to diagrams and graphs.
Only when you need detailed knowledge of a subject is it worth studying the text. Studying is skimming the material first to get an overview, and afterwards reading it in detail while seeing how the information presented connects to the overall structure of the subject. An effective method of getting the deepest level of understanding on a text is to use a formal method such as SQ3R (discussed in a later chapter).
Do you read every article of every magazine, or every chapter of every book? If so, you're probably spending a lot of time reading stuff you don't need. Remember: You don't need to read all of what you DO read. Be choosy. Select the chapters and articles that are important. Ignore the rest.
Thursday, January 16, 2014
Monday, November 18, 2013
28.Closing Remarks – Buy A Hybrid Car
share with others what you have learned and discovered regarding hybrid vehicles. Pass on the good word.
Hybrid technologies work hard for you to
Increase the mileage.
Reduce emissions and pollutants
And offers a viable alternative to conventional gas-powered vehicles and automobiles
It also has more power than the electric car and lots of potential for development and longevity, low operating costs, depreciation and longevity – even resale value will not disappoint!
Hybrids offer an all-rounder good deal, even if the sticker price is still slightly higher than conventional counterparts.
Hybrid technologies work hard for you to
Increase the mileage.
Reduce emissions and pollutants
And offers a viable alternative to conventional gas-powered vehicles and automobiles
It also has more power than the electric car and lots of potential for development and longevity, low operating costs, depreciation and longevity – even resale value will not disappoint!
Hybrids offer an all-rounder good deal, even if the sticker price is still slightly higher than conventional counterparts.
27.Unleashing The Future… – Buy A Hybrid Car
Hybrids are here to stay. There is no denying it. Many are happy with theirs once it graces their lives. The decision is personal and will take time. For each of us the reasons for investing (or not) in a hybrid vehicle will vary. Investing in the environment and future has always served us well as a human populace.
This is no different and time will tell. Auto-consumers are notoriously slow to adapt to changes and new offerings. There are skeptics about hybrids, HEV, fuel-cells, diesel-electric hybrids etc. Japanese, European (German) and North American automakers are all working feverishly to move this market forward. Some are collaborating and even sharing technology in the interest of moving this market forward with some faster momentum.
Call us cheap, lazy, ignorant or power-hungry, comfortable and stuck in our habits…because we do not know or have not had exposure to better, all keep us from trying out new or alternative technologies. Automotive options are no different. We have our bias, prejudices and preferences. It will take time to gain more ground and be mainstream, but hybrids are here to stay. For many, we act like opportunistic environmentalists that will jump at the chance to make a difference and do something special (like cut down on pollution) and vehicle emissions.
For many Hybrids are not as visually appealing and the trend seems to be to make them look more ‘ordinary’ and similar to their gas-guzzling counterparts in an attempt to raise interest and address these ‘uncertainties’ and close-mindedness to odd and weird looking, futuristic designs.
Expensive to some, novelty have-to-have for others, it does still cost more and sometimes you have to wait a long time to take possession, due to automakers NOT being able to keep up with the demand.
We can speculate what the cars of the future would look like.
If they will even be traditional ‘cars’ per se or some other form of personal transportation, like a human-enabled getting around device of some sorts, sky-cars, alternatives?
The human imagination and ability to dream will keep us coming up with innovative new designs and solutions. With the fact that fossil fuels are not a renewable energy resource and stocks depleting around the world, alternatives will certainly keep surfacing that are more efficient, revolutionary and setting a new tone and pace. It is up to us to make the decisions where to invest our money and development.
Green house effects, degrading ozone, devastating impact of noxious fumes and particles in our atmosphere and living environment and more, all motivate and inspire us to do something different. Consider green alternatives in and around your set of wheels, home and lifestyle calls for some different, counter-intuitive thinking and actions, possibly including the choice of buying a hybrid or not.
Saving money, saving the environment, driving something really cool and futuristic, doing the right thing… whatever our personal motivation, hybrid cars will dot our roads and driveways for years to come and more and more are seen
everyday as people try to avoid skyrocketing gas prices. Diesel, hydrogen, fuel-cells, plug-in electric cars, zero-emission vehicles and so on will be in our future in some way, shape or form.
Research into why people actually buy hybrids have shown that it is primarily NOT TO SAVE MONEY. Te motivation and reward seem to be much deeper and personal (varied) than that.
It offers a new alternative, we did not have before.
It is developing and growing, refining and exploring options.
It is reflective of the human capabilities, innovation and potential.
The hybrid does what your old car does not/can not
It is a viable alternative and worth investigating, even investing in
The hybrid gives you the opportunity of looking beyond yourself and your choices, awareness of bigger issues outside or ourselves and our selfish needs and wants.
There really is something else at work for people that buy hybrids
When looking at the popularity of SUV’s for example, the symbolic meaning of a vehicle has to be added to the list of reasons why people buy them, and to explain the explosion in their growth. Hybrids are predicted to be no different. At some point buyers and prospective hybrid car owners will simply not compromise on what they want or perceive to need and desire.
They will not settle for a conventional car, because there are alternatives worth exploring.
For most, safety is still a big issue. Crash test ratings and crumple zones are major concerns on these vehicles. They do not look ‘robust’ enough to withstand a collision and somewhere at the back of most individual’s minds human error and potential accidents still figure into this equation.
Hybrid cars are just one of the ways we explore and leverage imaginative alternatives to our dependency upon oil.
Whether your vehicle of choice offers hybrid power assistance from and Integrated Motor Assist hybrid system and concept styling or you pit yourself to be one of the many new hybrid enthusiasts who are searching for a gasoline-electric automobile practical for family use, there are options and choices available today with more to come in the near future.
The investment decision is personal, the ramifications and impact wider and global.
Something else to also keep a close eye on are hydrogen, alternative fuels, electric cars etc.
For example, one online source is quoted as saying that automaker BMW is actively involved, dedicated and spending much time and money researching practical hydrogen power.
Some say their launch of a hybrid 7 series, is as close as 2010.
It might seem a little too futuristic for some, but it is a real possibility. One online writer phrases it as follows and we happen to agree…
Though it may seem strange to think that hydrogen power may be only a few years away, consider this: many states have already seen and or approved legislation to allow the beginning phases of hydrogen refill station planning and construction.
Things are changing and winds are shifting. The age-old automotive industry is redefining itself and hybrids are just one of the options and channels through which this is happening.
There is a clear trend, commitment and dedication to the development and implementation of hybrid technology.
Most if not all automakers have hybrids lined up for launch and production. Experiments with public transit and low emission buses are on-going.
Hybrid trucks and work equipment is next in line and not far behind, with increasingly commercial options becoming available. It is the choice to be making and supply and demand will fuel this market for years to come.
Whether under development or scheduled to roll of the production line Hybrids are here to stay. Combination hybrid technologies will soon invade most new releases.
You do not have to be a fierce environmentalist or tree-hugger to see the value and potential of a hybrid vehicle.
Like with anything else that is new and innovative skeptics and critics will have their say, automakers are getting ready for what they anticipate consumers will be wanting in the years to come. Future generation drivers, students and researchers are working tirelessly to come up with alternatives to fossil-fuel dependent, gas guzzlers.
Governments and interest groups are working together to create the right type of environment for these hybrids to thrive in.
Educate yourself on the different options, pricing and hybrids available
Learn from numerous sources everything and as much as you can about the hybrids you are interested in or considering
Get some hands-on driving experiences and test-drives under your belt to help you make up your mind – put theory into practice and to the test for yourself.
Keep a keen eye on the new technologies and models that are making their way onto and into the market.
Not all hybrids are created equal – ensure that you understand exactly what the term means for the vehicle that you are buying
If it makes sense, compare it with conventional vehicles (cost, fuel economy, drag etc.)
Do not compromise your main considerations and wants. Pick the hybrid that is most suitable for you and your budget, commute and driving challenges.
We each have our very own personal bias, prejudices, preferences and motivations for buying a hybrid vehicle - make your list of top three things you definitely want, must haves, need to haves and ‘pleasers’ BEFORE going shopping for your hybrid.
Financial, monetary and economic reasons for buying a hybrid are REAL! It make economic sense, with tax incentives and rebates coming your way as a reward for the choice that you have made.
Figure out for yourself, WHY exactly you want and are buying a hybrid vehicle. Is it the technology, the gas-savings, fuel economy, eco-friendly aspects etc. This will help you talk to dealers and sales representatives better, communicating exactly what you want, not settling for anything less.
Know which hybrids are available and what they cost (remember base model pricing is common, added features and other fees have to be added onto this price).
Expect to pay more for your hybrid vehicle, new technology tends to be priced higher.
Low to zero emission vehicles, alternative transportations eco-friendly machines will keep making their way into our lives and a set of wheels to reflect this orientation is just another piece of the overall puzzle.
Understanding the technology better will help you drive, maintain and get the most fuel economy from your vehicle.
Optimizing your gas mileage and driving at an optimal speed for maximum efficiency become possible with a little better grasp of the fundamentals, the nuts and bolts of how your hybrid engine actually works.
The FIVE types of hybrid technologies out there and asking about what exactly is going on under-hood to make it a ‘hybrid’ makes you an informed and empowered consumer and decision-maker.
This is no different and time will tell. Auto-consumers are notoriously slow to adapt to changes and new offerings. There are skeptics about hybrids, HEV, fuel-cells, diesel-electric hybrids etc. Japanese, European (German) and North American automakers are all working feverishly to move this market forward. Some are collaborating and even sharing technology in the interest of moving this market forward with some faster momentum.
Call us cheap, lazy, ignorant or power-hungry, comfortable and stuck in our habits…because we do not know or have not had exposure to better, all keep us from trying out new or alternative technologies. Automotive options are no different. We have our bias, prejudices and preferences. It will take time to gain more ground and be mainstream, but hybrids are here to stay. For many, we act like opportunistic environmentalists that will jump at the chance to make a difference and do something special (like cut down on pollution) and vehicle emissions.
For many Hybrids are not as visually appealing and the trend seems to be to make them look more ‘ordinary’ and similar to their gas-guzzling counterparts in an attempt to raise interest and address these ‘uncertainties’ and close-mindedness to odd and weird looking, futuristic designs.
Expensive to some, novelty have-to-have for others, it does still cost more and sometimes you have to wait a long time to take possession, due to automakers NOT being able to keep up with the demand.
We can speculate what the cars of the future would look like.
If they will even be traditional ‘cars’ per se or some other form of personal transportation, like a human-enabled getting around device of some sorts, sky-cars, alternatives?
The human imagination and ability to dream will keep us coming up with innovative new designs and solutions. With the fact that fossil fuels are not a renewable energy resource and stocks depleting around the world, alternatives will certainly keep surfacing that are more efficient, revolutionary and setting a new tone and pace. It is up to us to make the decisions where to invest our money and development.
Green house effects, degrading ozone, devastating impact of noxious fumes and particles in our atmosphere and living environment and more, all motivate and inspire us to do something different. Consider green alternatives in and around your set of wheels, home and lifestyle calls for some different, counter-intuitive thinking and actions, possibly including the choice of buying a hybrid or not.
Saving money, saving the environment, driving something really cool and futuristic, doing the right thing… whatever our personal motivation, hybrid cars will dot our roads and driveways for years to come and more and more are seen
everyday as people try to avoid skyrocketing gas prices. Diesel, hydrogen, fuel-cells, plug-in electric cars, zero-emission vehicles and so on will be in our future in some way, shape or form.
Research into why people actually buy hybrids have shown that it is primarily NOT TO SAVE MONEY. Te motivation and reward seem to be much deeper and personal (varied) than that.
It offers a new alternative, we did not have before.
It is developing and growing, refining and exploring options.
It is reflective of the human capabilities, innovation and potential.
The hybrid does what your old car does not/can not
It is a viable alternative and worth investigating, even investing in
The hybrid gives you the opportunity of looking beyond yourself and your choices, awareness of bigger issues outside or ourselves and our selfish needs and wants.
There really is something else at work for people that buy hybrids
When looking at the popularity of SUV’s for example, the symbolic meaning of a vehicle has to be added to the list of reasons why people buy them, and to explain the explosion in their growth. Hybrids are predicted to be no different. At some point buyers and prospective hybrid car owners will simply not compromise on what they want or perceive to need and desire.
They will not settle for a conventional car, because there are alternatives worth exploring.
For most, safety is still a big issue. Crash test ratings and crumple zones are major concerns on these vehicles. They do not look ‘robust’ enough to withstand a collision and somewhere at the back of most individual’s minds human error and potential accidents still figure into this equation.
Hybrid cars are just one of the ways we explore and leverage imaginative alternatives to our dependency upon oil.
Whether your vehicle of choice offers hybrid power assistance from and Integrated Motor Assist hybrid system and concept styling or you pit yourself to be one of the many new hybrid enthusiasts who are searching for a gasoline-electric automobile practical for family use, there are options and choices available today with more to come in the near future.
The investment decision is personal, the ramifications and impact wider and global.
Something else to also keep a close eye on are hydrogen, alternative fuels, electric cars etc.
For example, one online source is quoted as saying that automaker BMW is actively involved, dedicated and spending much time and money researching practical hydrogen power.
Some say their launch of a hybrid 7 series, is as close as 2010.
It might seem a little too futuristic for some, but it is a real possibility. One online writer phrases it as follows and we happen to agree…
Though it may seem strange to think that hydrogen power may be only a few years away, consider this: many states have already seen and or approved legislation to allow the beginning phases of hydrogen refill station planning and construction.
Things are changing and winds are shifting. The age-old automotive industry is redefining itself and hybrids are just one of the options and channels through which this is happening.
There is a clear trend, commitment and dedication to the development and implementation of hybrid technology.
Most if not all automakers have hybrids lined up for launch and production. Experiments with public transit and low emission buses are on-going.
Hybrid trucks and work equipment is next in line and not far behind, with increasingly commercial options becoming available. It is the choice to be making and supply and demand will fuel this market for years to come.
Whether under development or scheduled to roll of the production line Hybrids are here to stay. Combination hybrid technologies will soon invade most new releases.
You do not have to be a fierce environmentalist or tree-hugger to see the value and potential of a hybrid vehicle.
Like with anything else that is new and innovative skeptics and critics will have their say, automakers are getting ready for what they anticipate consumers will be wanting in the years to come. Future generation drivers, students and researchers are working tirelessly to come up with alternatives to fossil-fuel dependent, gas guzzlers.
Governments and interest groups are working together to create the right type of environment for these hybrids to thrive in.
Educate yourself on the different options, pricing and hybrids available
Learn from numerous sources everything and as much as you can about the hybrids you are interested in or considering
Get some hands-on driving experiences and test-drives under your belt to help you make up your mind – put theory into practice and to the test for yourself.
Keep a keen eye on the new technologies and models that are making their way onto and into the market.
Not all hybrids are created equal – ensure that you understand exactly what the term means for the vehicle that you are buying
If it makes sense, compare it with conventional vehicles (cost, fuel economy, drag etc.)
Do not compromise your main considerations and wants. Pick the hybrid that is most suitable for you and your budget, commute and driving challenges.
We each have our very own personal bias, prejudices, preferences and motivations for buying a hybrid vehicle - make your list of top three things you definitely want, must haves, need to haves and ‘pleasers’ BEFORE going shopping for your hybrid.
Financial, monetary and economic reasons for buying a hybrid are REAL! It make economic sense, with tax incentives and rebates coming your way as a reward for the choice that you have made.
Figure out for yourself, WHY exactly you want and are buying a hybrid vehicle. Is it the technology, the gas-savings, fuel economy, eco-friendly aspects etc. This will help you talk to dealers and sales representatives better, communicating exactly what you want, not settling for anything less.
Know which hybrids are available and what they cost (remember base model pricing is common, added features and other fees have to be added onto this price).
Expect to pay more for your hybrid vehicle, new technology tends to be priced higher.
Low to zero emission vehicles, alternative transportations eco-friendly machines will keep making their way into our lives and a set of wheels to reflect this orientation is just another piece of the overall puzzle.
Understanding the technology better will help you drive, maintain and get the most fuel economy from your vehicle.
Optimizing your gas mileage and driving at an optimal speed for maximum efficiency become possible with a little better grasp of the fundamentals, the nuts and bolts of how your hybrid engine actually works.
The FIVE types of hybrid technologies out there and asking about what exactly is going on under-hood to make it a ‘hybrid’ makes you an informed and empowered consumer and decision-maker.
26.Is the Hybrid Car for You? – Buy A Hybrid Car
Again, buying a car has a complex set of very personally motivated aspects and selection criteria that varies for different people and groups.
In general terms, Hybrids are…
All-round better for the environment
provides you with all the essentials of a gasoline-engine car
saves you money on fuel costs.
Hybrids tend to be between $1,500 and $2,000 more expensive upfront
tax refunds and rebates are available for the purchase of hybrid for that money
A viable, affordable alternative
If you are looking to buy a new car, consider a hybrid vehicle that will help BOTH the environment and your wallet, The most popular being the Prius and Insight as well as the new Civic Hybrid. Good luck with your hybrid purchase.
What To Avoid When Buying A Hybrid
$$ MATTER AND ARE STILL MORE EXPENSIVE.
Limited variety and choice for consumers, but the base is growing with more and more models making their way onto the market and even more in development.
Concept cars, Hybrids, diesel-electric, fuel-cell, and bio-fuel/alternative renewable fuel-sources, cleaner with less emissions are also on offer.
Hybrid and or HEVs are no silver bullet and ONE-answer solution, or only alternative
Maintenance, running and repair costs might still be slightly higher.
Understanding the hybrid technology and having realistic expectations of it will also serve you well. Do as much upfront research as you possibly can
Be objective in your decision-making and compare/contrast the current hybrid offerings on the market and pick the one most suited to your needs and requirements as well as custom selection criteria which you prioritized earlier.
Ask yourself about your driving and commuting, distance, location and whether it is an economical decision to invest in a hybrid or not.
You always have the option to wait for some more models to make their way onto the market as well.
Take advantage of any monetary, tax incentives or rebates on offer.
The true ‘hybrid’ nature and environmental performance of specific models can vary greatly. Pick the one that resonates best with your personal motivations, goals and rewards.
In general terms, Hybrids are…
All-round better for the environment
provides you with all the essentials of a gasoline-engine car
saves you money on fuel costs.
Hybrids tend to be between $1,500 and $2,000 more expensive upfront
tax refunds and rebates are available for the purchase of hybrid for that money
A viable, affordable alternative
If you are looking to buy a new car, consider a hybrid vehicle that will help BOTH the environment and your wallet, The most popular being the Prius and Insight as well as the new Civic Hybrid. Good luck with your hybrid purchase.
What To Avoid When Buying A Hybrid
$$ MATTER AND ARE STILL MORE EXPENSIVE.
Limited variety and choice for consumers, but the base is growing with more and more models making their way onto the market and even more in development.
Concept cars, Hybrids, diesel-electric, fuel-cell, and bio-fuel/alternative renewable fuel-sources, cleaner with less emissions are also on offer.
Hybrid and or HEVs are no silver bullet and ONE-answer solution, or only alternative
Maintenance, running and repair costs might still be slightly higher.
Understanding the hybrid technology and having realistic expectations of it will also serve you well. Do as much upfront research as you possibly can
Be objective in your decision-making and compare/contrast the current hybrid offerings on the market and pick the one most suited to your needs and requirements as well as custom selection criteria which you prioritized earlier.
Ask yourself about your driving and commuting, distance, location and whether it is an economical decision to invest in a hybrid or not.
You always have the option to wait for some more models to make their way onto the market as well.
Take advantage of any monetary, tax incentives or rebates on offer.
The true ‘hybrid’ nature and environmental performance of specific models can vary greatly. Pick the one that resonates best with your personal motivations, goals and rewards.
24.Getting Better Mileage From A Hybrid Car – Buy A Hybrid Car
Increasing mileage and taking advantage of fuel economy is a major motivator for many who opt to invest in these vehicles
1. Driving Slower – It is a known fact that the drag on your car will increase the faster you drive. The drive force at 70 mph is double that at 50 mph (How Stuff Works). Slowing down can increase your mileage.
2. Try to maintain a constant speed – remember that each time you speed up your car has to use more energy.
3. Avoid abrupt stops – the electric motor in the hybrid cars take energy out of the car when is has to stop. If you give the motor more time to slow the car then it will be able to recover more of the energy.
How do I get Maximum Fuel Efficiency?
I found this interesting question from HowStuffWorks.com, as it tried to explain how to figure this part of owning a Hybrid out. It forms part of the motivation and value-proposition of hybrid vehicles and might help you make up your mind if it is for you or not.
One of the tips to increase gas mileage is to travel at a constant speed. The question is, what is that magical speed that will give you the most out of your fuel.
To explain this we must know how much power it takes to push a car down the road. The power required is explained by the following equation:
road load power = av + bv2 + cv3
The letter v represents the velocity of the car, and the letters a, b and c represent three different constants:
* The a component comes mostly from the rolling resistance of the tires, and friction in the car's components, like drag from the brake pads, or friction in the wheel bearings.
* The b component also comes from friction in components, and from the rolling resistance in the tires. But it also comes from the power used by the various pumps in the car.
* The c component comes mostly from things that affect aerodynamic drag like the frontal area, drag coefficient and density of the air.
This equation says that if you double your speed, you will increase the power required by much more than double. A hypothetical medium sized SUV that requires 20 at 50 mph might require 100 horsepower at 100 mph.
By plugging some speeds into the equation we can see how a 1 mph increase from 2 to 3 mph compares with a 1 mph increase from 50 to 51 mph. To make things easy we'll assume a, b and c are all equal to 1
Speed Equation Result
3 mph 3+32+33 39
2 mph 2+22+23 14
Power Increase 25
51 mph 51+512+513 135,303
50 mph 50+502+503 127,550
Power Increase 7,753
(Source: © http://auto.howstuffworks.com/question477.htm)
If this is a major concern of yours when selecting or opting to buy a Hybrid, bear in mind that purchasing is only half the equation. Using and maintaining the vehicle and on-going responsibility. Driving it as such to get the maximum benefit from the hybrid technology also important.
1. Driving Slower – It is a known fact that the drag on your car will increase the faster you drive. The drive force at 70 mph is double that at 50 mph (How Stuff Works). Slowing down can increase your mileage.
2. Try to maintain a constant speed – remember that each time you speed up your car has to use more energy.
3. Avoid abrupt stops – the electric motor in the hybrid cars take energy out of the car when is has to stop. If you give the motor more time to slow the car then it will be able to recover more of the energy.
How do I get Maximum Fuel Efficiency?
I found this interesting question from HowStuffWorks.com, as it tried to explain how to figure this part of owning a Hybrid out. It forms part of the motivation and value-proposition of hybrid vehicles and might help you make up your mind if it is for you or not.
One of the tips to increase gas mileage is to travel at a constant speed. The question is, what is that magical speed that will give you the most out of your fuel.
To explain this we must know how much power it takes to push a car down the road. The power required is explained by the following equation:
road load power = av + bv2 + cv3
The letter v represents the velocity of the car, and the letters a, b and c represent three different constants:
* The a component comes mostly from the rolling resistance of the tires, and friction in the car's components, like drag from the brake pads, or friction in the wheel bearings.
* The b component also comes from friction in components, and from the rolling resistance in the tires. But it also comes from the power used by the various pumps in the car.
* The c component comes mostly from things that affect aerodynamic drag like the frontal area, drag coefficient and density of the air.
This equation says that if you double your speed, you will increase the power required by much more than double. A hypothetical medium sized SUV that requires 20 at 50 mph might require 100 horsepower at 100 mph.
By plugging some speeds into the equation we can see how a 1 mph increase from 2 to 3 mph compares with a 1 mph increase from 50 to 51 mph. To make things easy we'll assume a, b and c are all equal to 1
Speed Equation Result
3 mph 3+32+33 39
2 mph 2+22+23 14
Power Increase 25
51 mph 51+512+513 135,303
50 mph 50+502+503 127,550
Power Increase 7,753
(Source: © http://auto.howstuffworks.com/question477.htm)
If this is a major concern of yours when selecting or opting to buy a Hybrid, bear in mind that purchasing is only half the equation. Using and maintaining the vehicle and on-going responsibility. Driving it as such to get the maximum benefit from the hybrid technology also important.
23.Toyota Prius Insight – Buy A Hybrid Car
Toyota‘s top-seller hybrid and mass favorite the Prius.
Launched in 1997 in Japan
Designed originally to reduce emissions in cities.
Pricing starts at about $20,000 for the base model.
Four door sedan seating up to five people.
Gas engine turns off and on while driving.
The gas engine doesn’t start until the car reaches the speed of 12 mph.
Provides extremely low emissions when traveling in crowded areas.
Travels 50 miles per gallon, which helps with fuel costs.
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a set of Pruis’ were tested and had an overall average of 41.9 miles per gallon.
Toyota Prius
(Source: © http://sayhenry.com/future.htm)
Launched in 1997 in Japan
Designed originally to reduce emissions in cities.
Pricing starts at about $20,000 for the base model.
Four door sedan seating up to five people.
Gas engine turns off and on while driving.
The gas engine doesn’t start until the car reaches the speed of 12 mph.
Provides extremely low emissions when traveling in crowded areas.
Travels 50 miles per gallon, which helps with fuel costs.
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a set of Pruis’ were tested and had an overall average of 41.9 miles per gallon.
Toyota Prius
(Source: © http://sayhenry.com/future.htm)
22.Honda Insight – Buy A Hybrid Car
Honda’s version of the hybrid car is called the Insight,
Pricing starts at around $19,000 for the base model.
Introduced in 2000
Sold and marketed as getting the best possible mileage and being good for he environment
It is a two-door coupe, small and very lightweight.
1.0L engine that weighs only 124 pounds and is the primary source of power.
Additional power is provided by an electric motor which is powered by a 120 cell rechargeable battery.
The gas engine provides power when the car is in motion It shuts off at stop lights and stop signs and automatically restarts itself when you press the gas pedal again.
The Insight can reach speeds of 100 mph and averages around 60 overall.
Aerodynamic shape allows it to have the low coefficient drag (Cd) of 0.25.
The Honda Civic Hatchback in comparison has a Cd of 0.36 and requires more than 32% more power to reach the same speed.
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a set of Insights were tested and had an overall average of 46.8 miles per gallon.
Honda Insight
(Source: © http://sayhenry.com/future.htm)
Pricing starts at around $19,000 for the base model.
Introduced in 2000
Sold and marketed as getting the best possible mileage and being good for he environment
It is a two-door coupe, small and very lightweight.
1.0L engine that weighs only 124 pounds and is the primary source of power.
Additional power is provided by an electric motor which is powered by a 120 cell rechargeable battery.
The gas engine provides power when the car is in motion It shuts off at stop lights and stop signs and automatically restarts itself when you press the gas pedal again.
The Insight can reach speeds of 100 mph and averages around 60 overall.
Aerodynamic shape allows it to have the low coefficient drag (Cd) of 0.25.
The Honda Civic Hatchback in comparison has a Cd of 0.36 and requires more than 32% more power to reach the same speed.
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a set of Insights were tested and had an overall average of 46.8 miles per gallon.
Honda Insight
(Source: © http://sayhenry.com/future.htm)
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